![]() Nicole Rirt is associated with the GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies in Hamburg, Germany. She is also interested in the dynamics of European migration policies. Her current research interests include processes of political opinion formation among diaspora communities, as well as transnational governance through mechanisms of repression and co-optation, and the persistence of authoritarian rule. ![]() ![]() She conducted several research projects in Eritrea. The diasporic political space is doubly restricted, since authoritarian host states neither permit political activities, nor do they provide Nicole Rirt is a political scientist and an independent researcher concentrating on the Horn of Africa, specifically on Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Djibouti. This makes them vulnerable to demands of transnational Eritrean institutions, which issue vital documents in exchange for fulfillment of financial obligations. Contrary to their compatriots in Europe and North America, they do not have political asylum and instead depend on work contracts for their residence permits. Over one million Eritreans reside in Arab states, yet, we know little about their attitudes towards the homeland regime. ![]() ![]() One third of Eritrea's citizens live in exile, and their government uses coercion, intimidation, and manipulation of patriotism to maintain financial flows from the diaspora through a rehabilitation tax and by delegating welfare responsibilities to its citizens abroad. ![]()
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